![]() The theoretical contribution of inter-rationality that it could be the precondition or essence of economics, political economics, social science, or open innovation engineering in the digital transformation era as the economic human's dominant type of bounded rationality. A conceptual and mathematical model of inter-rationality in open innovation dynamics is constructed. ![]() In this study, we examine whether there is any relation between open innovation and sustainable economic growth, which might explain why some firms grow continuously and others collapse. If any firm or agent makes decisions under inter-rationality, which is a kind of bounded rationality in open innovation dynamics, it would not stop growing at a certain point of the reverse-U curve, but grow continuously following a zigzag pattern. Research indicates that in order to increase the dynamics of the development of open innovation in the shared transport industry, there is a need for education in the field of open innovation, especially in the era of the development of digitization of urban transport systems and the pursuit of sustainable transport. Among the entire shared transport sector, the micro-mobility service providers are the most committed to open innovation. On the one hand, they are interested in it, but this interest does not translate into real practices. Research results show that open innovation is a problematic aspect for operators. The expert survey was conducted using the CAWI technique. An expert survey was carried out among representatives of shared mobility services operating in major Polish cities. A research proposal was submitted to diagnose the approach to open innovations in the market of shared mobility services. The aim of this work was to evaluate the approaches to data openness and innovation in companies representing the shared mobility market. ![]() This begs the question whether it is the openness of systems that is the recipe for the market success or failure of shared mobility services. There are many reasons for this, from management to technical issues, but the aspects of open innovation, open data and transparency were often overlooked. Many of them ended their activities after the pilot period or closed the company shortly after launching the system. Along with the development of the systems, a growing number of operators offering sharing services started to appear. Their increasing availability has made them an alternative to individual transport in cities. Shared transport services, including short-term vehicle rentals (bike-, car-, moped-, scooter-sharing) and travel sharing systems (ride-sharing, ride-hailing), have become more and more popular forms of mobility in recent years. Hence, it follows that OIs have a positive impact on sustainable innovative development. Moreover, the results show that SMEs cooperating with the environment are more developed in terms of sustainable innovative development than those that base their development on their own internal resources (no cooperation). It turns out that SMEs obtain significant benefits by exploring the environment, i.e., by showing a high level of willingness to cooperate with various entities in the environment for sustainable innovative development. This goal was achieved through the verification of three research hypotheses. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of OI on sustainable innovation development. Research was conducted on a sample of 800 SMEs in Poland using the quantitative method (questionnaire). This development is described in this article as “sustainable innovative development”. This has led to a need to analyze the impact of OI on innovative development serving the implementation of the assumptions of sustainable development, the positive effect of which is to reduce the negative impact on the environment thanks to a more rational use of both natural and produced resources (e.g., energy). Open innovations (OI) are playing an increasingly important role in the innovative development (RI) of SMEs.
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